marimo

Overview

marimo is an open-source reactive Python notebook that reinvents notebooks as reproducible, interactive, and shareable Python programs. Unlike traditional Jupyter notebooks, marimo notebooks:

• Store as pure .py files (Git-friendly, no JSON)
• Execute reactively (like a spreadsheet)
• Run as scripts or deploy as web apps
• Prevent bugs through automatic dependency tracking

Installation

pip install marimo                    # Basic
pip install marimo[recommended]       # With extras
pip install marimo[sql]               # With SQL support

marimo tutorial intro                 # Start tutorial

CLI Commands

# Edit
marimo edit                           # New notebook
marimo edit notebook.py               # Edit existing
marimo edit --watch --sandbox         # Watch files, isolate deps

# Run as app
marimo run notebook.py                # Read-only app
marimo run notebook.py --watch        # Auto-reload on changes

# Run as script
python notebook.py

# Create from prompt
marimo new "analyze sales data"

# Convert
marimo convert notebook.ipynb -o notebook.py

# Export
marimo export html notebook.py -o output.html
marimo export html-wasm notebook.py -o output.html  # Browser-executable

Key Concepts

Reactivity

Running a cell automatically runs all cells that depend on it. Execution order is determined by variable dependencies (DAG), not cell position.

Cell Rules

1. Each global variable must be defined in exactly one cell
2. Mutations like list.append() aren't tracked; reassign instead
3. If mutating is needed, do it in the same cell as the declaration

File Format

Notebooks are pure Python files with marimo decorators:

import marimo
app = marimo.App()

@app.cell
def _():
    import marimo as mo
    return (mo,)

@app.cell
def _(mo):
    mo.md("# My Notebook")
    return ()

API Reference

Detailed documentation for each API is available in the references/ directory. Consult these files for comprehensive examples and parameters.

Core

API	Reference File	Description
Markdown	references/markdown.md	mo.md() for rich text, LaTeX, icons
HTML	references/html.md	mo.Html, mo.as_html(), styling
Outputs	references/outputs.md	mo.output.append(), console redirection

UI Elements

API	Reference File	Description
Inputs	references/inputs.md	Sliders, text, dropdowns, tables, forms, etc.
Layouts	references/layouts.md	mo.hstack, mo.vstack, tabs, accordion, etc.
Media	references/media.md	Images, audio, video, PDF, downloads
Plotting	references/plotting.md	Altair, Plotly, matplotlib integration
Diagrams	references/diagrams.md	Mermaid diagrams
Status	references/status.md	Progress bars, spinners

Data

API	Reference File	Description
SQL	references/sql.md	mo.sql() for database and DataFrame queries

Advanced

API	Reference File	Description
Control Flow	references/control-flow.md	mo.stop(), conditional execution
State	references/state.md	mo.state() for UI synchronization
Caching	references/caching.md	@mo.cache, @mo.persistent_cache
Query Params	references/query-params.md	mo.query_params() for URL state
CLI Args	references/cli-args.md	mo.cli_args() for script arguments
Watch	references/watch.md	mo.watch.file() for reactive file monitoring
App	references/app.md	Embedding notebooks, mo.app_meta()
Cell	references/cell.md	Cross-notebook execution, testing

Quick Examples

Basic UI

import marimo as mo

slider = mo.ui.slider(0, 100, value=50, label="Threshold")
slider

# In another cell
mo.md(f"Selected value: **{slider.value}**")

Interactive Table

table = mo.ui.table(df, selection="multi")
table

# In another cell
selected = table.value  # Selected rows as DataFrame

SQL Query

result = mo.sql(f"SELECT * FROM {df} WHERE value > {threshold.value}")

Conditional Execution

mo.stop(form.value is None, mo.md("Submit the form to continue"))
# Rest of cell runs only after form submission

Running as Apps

marimo run notebook.py                    # Local app
marimo export html-wasm notebook.py       # Static WASM app

Layout options: Vertical (default), Grid (drag-drop in editor), Slides.

Best Practices

• Reactivity: Declare and mutate variables in the same cell
• Performance: Use @mo.cache for expensive computations
• UI Gating: Use mo.stop() to prevent expensive ops until ready
• State: Avoid mo.state() unless synchronizing multiple UI elements
• Organization: Cell position doesn't matter; organize for readability

Resources

• Documentation
• GitHub
• Examples Gallery