Webapp Testing: Writing browser tests...

Produces Playwright end-to-end tests that verify real user flows in a browser.

Activation

Trigger	Status
User says "write browser tests" or "playwright test"	ACTIVE
User says "test this page" or "e2e test"	ACTIVE
User says "test the UI" or "browser test"	ACTIVE
User wants unit tests or API tests	NOT this skill: use standard test patterns
User wants load testing	NOT this skill

Context Guard

• Do NOT use for unit tests (Jest, Vitest without browser)
• Do NOT use for API-only testing (use curl/fetch patterns)
• Do NOT use for performance benchmarking
• This skill ONLY produces Playwright browser tests

Steps

Step 1: Assess the target

Determine what to test:

Parameter	How to find	Example
App URL	Check package.json scripts, .env, or ask	http://localhost:3000
Framework	Check package.json dependencies	Next.js, React, SvelteKit
Auth required?	Check for login pages, auth middleware	Yes/No
Key user flows	Ask or infer from routes	Sign up, checkout, search

# Check if Playwright is already installed
cat package.json | grep -i playwright

# Check existing test structure
find . -name "*.spec.ts" -o -name "*.test.ts" | head -20

Step 2: Set up Playwright (if not installed)

npm init playwright@latest
# or
pnpm add -D @playwright/test
npx playwright install

Confirm playwright.config.ts exists. If not, create with sensible defaults:

import { defineConfig, devices } from '@playwright/test';

export default defineConfig({
  testDir: './tests/e2e',
  fullyParallel: true,
  forbidOnly: !!process.env.CI,
  retries: process.env.CI ? 2 : 0,
  workers: process.env.CI ? 1 : undefined,
  reporter: 'html',
  use: {
    baseURL: 'http://localhost:3000',
    trace: 'on-first-retry',
    screenshot: 'only-on-failure',
  },
  projects: [
    { name: 'chromium', use: { ...devices['Desktop Chrome'] } },
  ],
  webServer: {
    command: 'npm run dev',
    url: 'http://localhost:3000',
    reuseExistingServer: !process.env.CI,
  },
});

Step 3: Write tests for each user flow

Follow this structure per flow:

import { test, expect } from '@playwright/test';

test.describe('Feature Name', () => {
  test('should [expected behavior] when [action]', async ({ page }) => {
    // Arrange, navigate to the page
    await page.goto('/path');

    // Act, perform user actions
    await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Submit' }).click();

    // Assert, verify the result
    await expect(page.getByText('Success')).toBeVisible();
  });
});

Test writing rules:

1. Use getByRole, getByLabel, getByText over CSS selectors: they survive refactors
2. One assertion per test where practical: clear failure messages
3. Name tests as user stories: "should show error when email is invalid"
4. Use test.describe to group related flows
5. Add test.beforeEach for shared navigation/auth setup
6. Never hardcode waits, use expect with auto-waiting or waitForSelector

Step 4: Handle authentication flows

If the app requires login:

// tests/e2e/auth.setup.ts
import { test as setup, expect } from '@playwright/test';

setup('authenticate', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/login');
  await page.getByLabel('Email').fill('test@example.com');
  await page.getByLabel('Password').fill('testpassword');
  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Sign in' }).click();
  await expect(page).toHaveURL('/dashboard');

  // Save signed-in state
  await page.context().storageState({ path: '.auth/user.json' });
});

Add to playwright.config.ts:

projects: [
  { name: 'setup', testMatch: /.*\.setup\.ts/ },
  {
    name: 'chromium',
    use: {
      ...devices['Desktop Chrome'],
      storageState: '.auth/user.json',
    },
    dependencies: ['setup'],
  },
],

Step 5: Common test patterns

Form validation:

test('should show validation errors for empty required fields', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/form');
  await page.getByRole('button', { name: 'Submit' }).click();
  await expect(page.getByText('Email is required')).toBeVisible();
});

Navigation flow:

test('should navigate from landing to pricing', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/');
  await page.getByRole('link', { name: 'Pricing' }).click();
  await expect(page).toHaveURL('/pricing');
  await expect(page.getByRole('heading', { name: 'Pricing' })).toBeVisible();
});

API response verification:

test('should load and display data', async ({ page }) => {
  await page.goto('/dashboard');
  await expect(page.getByRole('table')).toBeVisible();
  await expect(page.locator('tbody tr')).toHaveCount(10);
});

Step 6: Run and report

# Run all tests
npx playwright test

# Run specific test file
npx playwright test tests/e2e/auth.spec.ts

# Run with UI mode for debugging
npx playwright test --ui

# Show HTML report
npx playwright show-report

Present results:

Playwright tests written:
- [N] test files covering [N] user flows
- Auth setup: [yes/no]
- Flows tested: [list]

Run with: npx playwright test

Disambiguation

• "write browser tests" / "playwright test" / "e2e test" = Webapp Testing
• "write unit tests" / "jest test" / "vitest" = Standard test patterns (not this skill)
• "test the API" / "curl test" = API testing (not this skill)
• "verify my code" / "check this work" = Verify (not this skill)

Level History

• Lv.1: Base: Playwright test generation with role-based selectors, auth flows, common patterns, CI-ready config. (Origin: MemStack v3.5, Apr 2026)